Compression stockings are specially designed hosiery that apply pressure to the legs. They are used for many reasons, from comfort on long journeys and during long days on your feet to specific medical purposes recommended by a doctor or nurse. Understanding the basics will help you have a more informed conversation and choose sensibly.
Check before you start
Compression is not suitable for everyone. Speak to a GP, pharmacist or nurse before using compression stockings if you have problems with the circulation in your legs, diabetes, reduced sensation in your feet, a skin condition or wounds on your legs, heart failure, or if you have been told you have a blood clot. Medical-grade stockings should be measured and recommended by a healthcare professional.
How compression stockings work
Most compression stockings are graduated, meaning the pressure is firmest at the ankle and gradually decreases further up the leg. The aim is to support blood flow back towards the heart.
Types and lengths
- Knee-high: the most common length, finishing below the knee.
- Thigh-high: extend up the thigh, usually with a silicone band to keep them up.
- Tights: cover both legs and the hips.
- Open-toe or closed-toe: open-toe styles can be easier to check and more comfortable for some people.
Compression levels
Compression is measured in mmHg (millimetres of mercury). Products are often grouped into lighter compression for everyday comfort and travel, and higher compression classes for medical use. Classification systems vary between countries and manufacturers, so the exact class should be chosen with a healthcare professional when it is for a medical reason.
Getting the right size
Sizing is usually based on measurements of the ankle, calf and sometimes thigh and leg length. Measure in the morning, before swelling builds up, and follow the manufacturer’s size guide. A stocking that is too tight can dig in; one that is too loose may not provide the intended pressure.
How to put on compression stockings
- Put them on in the morning, ideally before your legs swell.
- Turn the stocking inside out down to the heel.
- Slide your foot in and position the heel correctly.
- Gradually roll or ease the stocking up the leg, smoothing as you go. Do not pull from the top band.
- Check there are no wrinkles or rolled edges, which can create pressure points.
Rubber gloves can help you grip the fabric, and stocking aids (donning devices) are available if bending is difficult.
Caring for stockings and your skin
- Wash as instructed, usually gently, and air dry away from direct heat.
- Check your skin daily for redness, marks or soreness.
- Replace stockings when they lose elasticity, following the manufacturer’s guidance.
Remove the stockings and seek advice if you notice pain, numbness, tingling, skin damage or discolouration.
Frequently asked questions
Can I wear compression socks on a flight?
Many travellers wear light compression socks on long journeys. If you have risk factors for blood clots, ask a healthcare professional for advice before travelling.
Can I sleep in compression stockings?
Usually not, unless advised. Most are designed for daytime wear.
Explore Venollo support products
Browse the Venollo orthopaedic supports range, and read our guide to calf sleeves and supports, which explains how sports compression differs.
This article is general information and is not a substitute for medical advice. If you have an injury, a health condition or ongoing symptoms, please speak to a qualified healthcare professional.
