We rarely appreciate how much our fingers do until one of them stops cooperating. A finger that will not straighten, that clicks and locks when you bend it, or that is swollen and sore after a knock can make typing, cooking and even doing up buttons difficult. Finger splints are small, inexpensive supports that can make a real difference, provided you use the right one for the problem.
Common finger problems and the splints used for them
Mallet finger
A mallet finger is when the fingertip droops and cannot be straightened by itself, usually after the end of the finger is struck by a ball or jammed against something. The tendon that straightens the tip has been pulled from the bone. Treatment is a mallet splint, a small rigid splint that holds the fingertip perfectly straight. It is normally worn continuously for six to eight weeks, and it is important the tip is not allowed to bend even briefly, so the splint should be fitted and supervised by a healthcare professional. Mallet finger always needs assessment.
Trigger finger
Trigger finger is when a finger catches, clicks or locks in a bent position and then suddenly releases. It is caused by swelling of a tendon as it passes through a tight tunnel in the palm. A trigger finger splint holds the affected joint, usually the knuckle at the base of the finger, in a straight position, often overnight, to rest the tendon and reduce the catching. Many mild cases settle with a few weeks of night splinting.
Sprained or jammed fingers
A finger that has been bent backwards or sideways can sprain the small ligaments at the joints, leaving it swollen and painful to bend. Buddy strapping, which tapes the injured finger to its neighbour, lets the finger move gently while being protected. A padded finger splint may be used for a few days if movement is too painful. Prolonged immobilisation of a sprained finger can leave it stiff, so follow advice on when to start moving it.
Arthritis of the finger joints
Swollen, painful or unstable finger joints from arthritis may be helped by small ring splints or soft finger sleeves that support the joint while allowing use of the hand. An occupational therapist can advise on the best type.
Choosing a finger splint
- Match the splint to the problem. A mallet splint holds the tip; a trigger finger splint holds the base of the finger.
- Check the size. Most are sized by finger circumference at the joint being supported.
- Look for padding or a soft lining if it will be worn for long periods.
- Washable and quick-drying matters for anything worn day and night.
Wearing a finger splint comfortably
The splint should hold the joint in the intended position without cutting off circulation. Check regularly that the fingertip stays pink and warm. Remove it for washing only if you have been told it is safe to do so, and support the finger while it is off. If the skin becomes red, sore or macerated, speak to a healthcare professional about a different splint or lining.
When to get advice
See a healthcare professional the same day for a finger that is obviously bent out of shape, a drooping fingertip after an injury, a finger you cannot bend or straighten at all, numbness, or a deep cut. Seek advice for a clicking finger that is locking regularly, or any finger problem that has not improved after a couple of weeks.
Frequently asked questions
Can I buy a mallet splint without seeing anyone?
You can, but mallet finger needs assessment to rule out a fracture and to make sure the splint is fitted and worn correctly, otherwise the tip may stay permanently bent.
How long should I wear a trigger finger splint?
Commonly three to six weeks, mainly at night. If it has not improved by then, see your GP as other treatments are available.
Should I splint a sprained finger?
Usually only for a few days at most. Buddy strapping and early gentle movement tend to give a better result.
Explore hand and wrist supports
Browse the Venollo hand and wrist supports and read our guides to choosing a thumb support and wrist supports.
This article is general information and is not a substitute for medical advice. If you have an injury, a health condition or ongoing symptoms, please speak to a qualified healthcare professional.
